Fire Detection

For nearly three decades, Graham Lowe has been a guiding force in fire safety, serving as Managing Director of Hochiki Europe. Now, as he steps into retirement, Lowe offers a unique perspective on the remarkable transformations within the fire detection industry and how Hochiki Europe has strategically adapted to stay at the forefront. In this interview, Lowe shares his insights and thoughts for the future not only for the team at Hochiki but also for the broader industry. Over your tenure at Hochiki Europe, what are some of the most significant changes you have witnessed in the fire safety industry? For those in the UK fire safety industry, the single most impactful change in recent years was undoubtedly the introduction of the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, or simply, the Fire Safety Order. Implemented on October 1st, 2005, this legislation established a robust framework for fire safety regulation across all non-domestic premises in England and Wales. This includes workplaces and the shared areas of multi-occupied residential buildings. Responsible persons now have full legal accountability for fire safety within their buildings The Order places the onus squarely on the "responsible person" – typically the building owner, employer, or whoever has control of the premises – to ensure fire safety compliance. This marked a significant shift from the previous reliance on annual inspections by the local fire brigade. Responsible persons now have full legal accountability for fire safety within their buildings. The impact on the fire industry was immediate, and at the time we saw a surge in demand from customers during the year of implementation. Notably, there was a noticeable move away from fire detection products being sold directly over the counter. Instead, the focus shifted towards specialist fire alarm installers and integrators who possess the expertise to design and implement compliant fire safety systems. This reform transformed the industry, placing a greater emphasis on professional fire safety solutions and risk management strategies. What are you most proud of accomplishing during your time as MD at Hochiki Europe? During my tenure as Managing Director, I'm most proud of building a strong Senior Management Team. This team brings together the experience, expertise, and skills needed to propel Hochiki Europe forward. The team has an exceptional sense of teamwork, which is crucial for the company's continued development and success. Strong communication is central to our team's operations, and it's reinforced by a clear mission statement and four key pillars that guide our growth: Expansion: Strategically growing our market reach and influence. Efficiency: Continuously improving our operations to optimize performance. Value Addition: Delivering exceptional value to our customers and partners. Employee Engagement: Fostering a positive and motivating work environment for our team. One of the most important things we’ve done and will continue to do as a senior team is to invest in the company's future. The acquisition of Apex House was a goal I'd been working towards for several years, and it facilitates further investment in our Gillingham production infrastructure. This will allow us to even better serve our customers in the UK, Europe, the Middle East, India, and Africa delivering innovative fire safety solutions. What challenges have you faced leading Hochiki Europe over the years, and how did you and the team overcome them? My tenure as MD hasn’t been without its challenges, but two major events stand out. The first was Brexit. Leaving the European Union ushered in a period of uncertainty, with new procedures and legal issues that continue to evolve. While Brexit presented its own set of hurdles, nothing could have prepared us for the unprecedented global crisis that followed: the COVID-19 pandemic. Strong teamwork and clear contact were essential between management and staff This pandemic had a profound impact on every aspect of our lives, with staff facing personal and professional difficulties. As a business, the most immediate challenge was the complete disruption of supply chains globally. Manufacturers around the world faced issues sourcing third-party products and group-manufactured goods to securing essential electronic components, everything was affected. Shipping delays became the norm, further complicating the business’ ability to meet production demands. For Hochiki, overcoming these obstacles required a collective effort. Strong teamwork and clear communication were essential between the management team and staff. Our HR department played a pivotal role in ensuring the health and safety of all employees during the pandemic. However, our focus wasn't solely internal. We understand the importance of transparency with our customers. We kept them informed of the ever-changing situation, the actions we were taking to mitigate disruptions, and when they could expect resolutions. This open communication fostered trust and helped us maintain strong relationships throughout this challenging period and indeed has established a way of working that we continue to foster today. How has Hochiki Europe adapted to meet the evolving needs of its customers across the UK, Europe, the Middle East, India, and Africa? This revision highlights the positive outcomes of the investments for Hochiki Europe's customers Hochiki Europe is committed to providing exceptional support to our customers around the world. That's why we made strategic investments years ago in establishing Hochiki Middle East, Hochiki India Branch Office, and Hochiki Italia. These entities allow us to deliver enhanced local support, expand our reach to new customers, and ultimately, fuel global growth. This revision highlights the positive outcomes of the investments for Hochiki Europe's customers. It emphasizes the company's proactive approach to international support and the resulting growth opportunities. Do you have any plans to stay involved in the fire safety industry in any capacity? I have no doubt that I will retain my interest in the fire safety industry as it will be difficult after forty years in the industry to let that association go. What advice would you give to young professionals interested in a career in fire safety? My advice to young professionals entering the fire industry is this: it's a secure and standards-driven field with consistent demand. However, to truly thrive, staying updated on the latest developments is crucial. Consider specializing in a specific area to become an expert. The fire safety industry offers not only stability but also profound satisfaction That's why Hochiki Europe is heavily invested in the future of the fire industry through the Hochiki Training Academy. The Academy provides ongoing education and training opportunities, ensuring our industry colleagues have the knowledge and skills to excel. The fire safety industry offers not only stability but also the profound satisfaction of protecting lives and property. By constantly improving fire safety measures, we contribute to the well-being of communities worldwide. Our hope is that the Hochiki Training Academy empowers individuals to become valuable assets in achieving this essential goal. Is there anything else you would like to share about your experience at Hochiki Europe? Looking back on my over 28 years at Hochiki Europe, it's been an incredibly rewarding journey. I started as a Regional Sales Manager and steadily progressed to the role of Managing Director. This experience has fostered immense personal and professional growth. One of the greatest privileges of my career has been collaborating with our diverse team, a true Hochiki family. Together, we've had the opportunity to work alongside exceptional customers from all over the world, across different cultures. This cross-cultural collaboration has been a source of immense pride and learning. And finally... What are you most looking forward to in your retirement? Retirement promises exciting new beginnings. I'm looking forward to tending to my garden and pottering in the greenhouse, enjoying quality time with my wife and family, and hopefully fitting in some regular rounds of golf. After 50 years of dedicated work, it's time to unwind and relish this well-deserved chapter. The whole of the Hochiki Europe team, and we’re sure the wider fire industry, would like to wish Graham all the best in his well-deserved retirement, which officially begins on June 27th, 2024.

Dräger, an international pioneer in the fields of medical and safety technology, has won a tender to upgrade mobile gas monitoring equipment to detect potentially lethal hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and further improve the safety and protection of firefighters for five Fire and Rescue Services in the northwest of England and Northern Ireland.   The framework agreement, led by Lancashire Fire and Rescue Services (LFRS) and covering Lancashire, Merseyside, Cheshire, Cumbria, and Northern Ireland, was created to assess and procure Multi-Gas Detectors (MGDs) specifically designed for use in firefighting, where hazardous materials are present. Modern mobile monitoring solution The existing gas monitors were eight years old and nearing end of life. Maintenance costs were rising, and LFRS needed a more modern mobile monitoring solution to detect HCN, which along with its ‘toxic twin’, carbon monoxide (CO), which are the two most deadly gases present in fires and post-fire scenes. When combined, they form a powerful chemical asphyxiant which stops people's breathing and can cause heart attacks. They form a powerful chemical asphyxiant which stops people's breathing and can cause heart attacks  After selecting the best-written applications from numerous suppliers, a physical assessment of the equipment was carried out, comparing like for like. Rodney Steele, Station Manager of Operational Equipment & Breathing Apparatus, LFRS, says they selected Dräger’s X-am® 5800 multi-gas detector because it had one property no other gas monitor submitted had: “All other gas monitors that was submitted will only detect one of the toxic twins but not the other,” says Rodney. “This monitor emits an earlier alarm at lower concentrations if both gases are detected simultaneously.” Firefighters’ medical and safety equipment    The physical assessment was not just about how the equipment performs mechanically but also about how easy it is to use, including its weight: “This was a big part of the decision,” Rodney adds. “Today, firefighters’ medical and safety equipment typically weighs 16 to 18 kilograms, including four layers of clothing, SCBA equipment, hoses, helmets, and a torch. More weight uses more oxygen and shortens the time responders can spend on search and rescue. The X-am® 5800 multi-gas detector is small and lightweight and can be clipped onto clothing, making it comfortable to wear.”   The monitor is also easy for the heavily suited firefighter to use, with large buttons for thickly gloved hands, and a clear display. Its language-free, icon-based user interface makes it simple to use. A green D-light status indicator tells fire crews when the gas monitor is ready for use. Initial point of information   It has a particularly shock-resistant CatEx sensor that is used to detect the Lower Explosion Limit As well as being able to detect the ‘toxic twins’ simultaneously, the X-am® 5800 multi-gas detector will be used by LFRS and the other regional fire services to monitor a total of five gases. For added safety, its oxygen channel has four alarm thresholds: pre and main alarms for rising and falling oxygen concentrations. To help protect damage of the monitor during an incident, it has a particularly shock-resistant CatEx sensor that is used to detect the Lower Explosion Limit.   Use of the X-am® 5800 monitors has been extended to the Hazardous Material Environmental Protection Officers (‘Hazmat Officers’). Hazmat Officers are specially trained fire officers who will be the initial point of information. They perform a vital role when a crew first arrives at an incident, identifying which gases are present and then providing specialist advice to the operational crews on how to manage the risks.   Dräger’s Gas Detection Connect software “Dräger’s monitors come with a pump and an extension, like a metal fishing rod, that is up to a meter and a half long,” Rod explains. The metal rod makes an initial sweep of a room for gas easier and quicker: “You don’t have to climb ladders or onto chairs to check the tops of high cupboards or bend down to check closer to ground level. This makes Hazmat Officers’ roles easier and safer,” he adds.  The data collected at the initial gas assessment also feeds into regional and national support The data collected at the initial gas assessment also feeds into regional and national support, as well as other agencies. The X-am® 5800, using Dräger’s Gas Detection Connect software, can record and transmit live data via Bluetooth to a smartphone or the Dräger ConHub Gateway and from there to the backend of the Gas Detection Connect software, helping firefighters to share information and manage the crew’s equipment. Data can also be transferred directly to the cloud with the X-dock 6300 test station, so the data and its analysis are secure and available at any time, from anywhere. Single point of contact for the gas monitors As well as the equipment, Rodney has been impressed with the people: “They are very customer-focused,” he says. “I'm dealing with a single point of contact for the gas monitors or whatever equipment, training or servicing we need. It is really important for me that I can phone one person for many things rather than phoning multiple people. Dräger makes me feel that I'm the most important customer in the world.”  Liz Millward, Marketing Manager Emergency and Rescue Services, says the tender win is a reflection of Dräger’s commitment to driving innovation: “We work closely with our customers to ensure that equipment is designed to protect firefighters in the most hazardous environments. We’re thrilled to have won this tender and look forward to continuing our excellent working relationship with LFRS.”

Edwards, a global major in fire alarm, mass notification, and hazard warning systems, is showcasing its unwavering commitment to fire and life safety innovation with the launch of the Optica™ Duct Smoke Detector at the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Conference & Expo 2024, which is taking place from June 17-19, 2024, at the Orange County Convention Centre, in Orlando, Florida, USA. Edwards is a part of Carrier Global Corporation, a global pioneer in intelligent climate and energy solutions. Optica Duct Smoke Detector The all-new Optica Duct Smoke Detector represents a significant leap forward in duct smoke detection technology. Specifically designed for HVAC smoke detection, the Optica Duct Smoke Detector brings enhanced confidence to site managers and end-users, who have struggled to find smoke detection solutions that address the moisture and dust challenges of the HVAC environment.  Optica sensor technology Its new design features include a free-flowing air chamber, anti-fog coating Edwards reshapes commercial building fire and life safety by combining patented Optica sensor technology with a revolutionary new design that delivers enhanced performance and reduced nuisance alarms. Its new design features include a free-flowing air chamber, anti-fog coating across the complete sensing area, and dual-wall construction. people and property safety Optica Duct Smoke Detection exemplifies Edwards' dedication to developing innovative solutions that prioritize the safety of people and property. Attendees at the NFPA Conference & Expo are invited to visit Edwards' Innovation-focused booth (#1900) and experience the future of life safety technology.  fire and life safety solutions In addition to the launch of the Optica Duct Smoke Detector, Edwards will be showcasing its comprehensive portfolio of fire and life safety solutions at the NFPA Conference & Expo. These include: ModuLaser® Integration with EST4: The latest in early smoke detection, Edwards will showcase its seamless integration of ModuLaser, the industry’s most flexible Aspirating Smoke Detection solution, with its flagship EST4 panels.  Genesis™ LED Notification Appliances: Delivering cost and energy savings.  Learn about the upcoming release of Genesis LED High Candela speakers and strobes, boasting a 185-candela setting at just 53mA, and Genesis LED Low-Frequency Notification appliances, offering significant enhancements to industry standards. ConnectedSafety+ Cloud-Based Software as a Service (SaaS) Solution: Elevating the potential of intelligent fire and life safety systems, Edwards ConnectedSafety+ is a cloud-based SaaS life-cycle solution that optimizes the efficient management of commercial fire installations remotely with predictive site maintenance insights, real-time event notifications, intelligent reporting, floor plan device mapping and a multi-site dashboard that enables managers to view all locations at once remotely or on-site. unparalleled performance and reliability "Edwards has a long-standing history of exceeding industry standards and pushing the boundaries of innovation in fire and life safety solutions," said Jon Hughes, VP of Product Management. He adds, "Our participation at the NFPA Conference & Expo allows us to connect with industry pioneers and showcase our latest advancements, including the groundbreaking Optica Duct Smoke Detector, purposefully designed to deliver unparalleled performance and reliability in HVAC environments."  Optica Duct Smoke Detectors will be available in June 2024.

The Association for Specialist Fire Protection (ASFP) is delighted to announce a new appointment to its marketing function. Louis Bradley has been appointed to the newly created role of Marketing Executive, to support the wider marketing team in furthering ASFP's reach and its member offering. Louis will be responsible for creating marketing materials for the ASFP, working across their full range of promotion and knowledge channels, including podcasts, videos, and other member resources. He will also keep ASFP members informed via day-to-day messaging on social media. Working in this role, Louis will contribute to elevating ASFP's brand identity, marketing strategy, and member services. Extensive industry experience Louis also has experience in journalism and commercial copywriting skills Louis has a diverse marketing background. Having worked in-house for large creative recruitment bodies and smaller agencies, he has developed material for globally recognized brands.  Louis also has experience in journalism and commercial copywriting skills, which the ASFP will harness to create more informative content for the member base, keeping them updated on changes within the passive fire protection sector. Welcome Louis to the ASFP team ASFP Managing Director - Mike Ward extended a warm welcome to Louis, stating: "We are delighted to welcome Louis to the ASFP team. With his wide-ranging skills and experience, I am sure he will rapidly become a pivotal member of the ASFP Marketing Department. As we further expand our services and member support, we will need ever-more marketing material working with our full range of promotional tools." In addition to developing ASFP marketing materials, Louis is keen to work with ASFP members to develop collaborative marketing opportunities to raise awareness of passive fire protection.

Over 100 representatives from across Illinois’ fire service organizations gathered in River Grove, IL, for the Metropolitan Fire Chiefs Association of Illinois’ 18th Annual Fire Services Home Day, held this year at Triton College’s EMT/Fire Science Program Building. The fire professionals were joined by elected officials and staffers from a number of state and federal offices with 18 fire service vendors displaying key equipment used in the fire service. Various pieces of equipment Paul Darley, President and CEO of Darley, a fire and defense equipment supplier in Itasca, IL, founded and Co-Chairs the annual event with retired Schiller Park Fire Chief, Tom Deegan. Various pieces of equipment and vehicles were on display during the event Various pieces of equipment and vehicles were on display during the event and were all purchased through funds from the Assistance to Firefighters Grant during the past 20 years. The events are held to keep fire service issues in front of Illinois’ federal and state legislators. U.S. Representative Sean Casten addressed the attendees with other legislators and members of their staff were in attendance. New and needed equipment According to the FAMA (Fire Apparatus Manufacturers’ Association) FEMSA (Fire and Emergency Manufacturers and Services Association) Government Affairs Committee, "The Assistance to Firefighters Grant Program was established by Congress in 2001 to assist communities in equipping our nation’s first responders, including firefighters and EMS personnel." Local fire departments are able to apply for grants to purchase new and needed equipment to replace older, outdated equipment that no longer meets the safety standards of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Role of legislators Congressman Sean Casten, 6th District, was the keynote speaker. Other event speakers included James Rivera, Illinois State Fire Marshal (OSFM), Fire Chief Thomas Styczynski, President, Illinois Fire Chiefs Association (IFCA), Glenn Ericksen, CEO, Mutual Aid Box Alarm System (MABAS), Jim Keiken, Director of the Illinois Fire Service Institute, and William Ryan, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Rivera gave credit to the importance of the role of legislators and their staff Rivera gave credit to the importance of the role of legislators and their staff, who are responsible for allocation decisions towards budgeting. Casten said that he was pleased to help pass legislation benefiting a number of fire-related organizations, especially as a member of the Congressional Appropriations Committee. Reauthorization of the AFG and SAFER Programs The Assistance to Firefighters Grants Equipment Program (AFG) appropriates funds to local fire departments through the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Because of this program, departments of all sizes can purchase personal protective clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus, personal alert safety system devices, fire apparatus and other safety and response equipment. Recent progress towards the reauthorization of the AFG and SAFER Programs has been positive, with the U.S. House of Representatives voting to pass the Fire Grants and Safety Act (S.870) and moving to the U.S. Senate for final passage. This bill prevents the termination of the Assistance to Firefighters Grant (AFG; commonly known as the “FIRE Grant”) and the Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency Response (SAFER) grant programs. It also authorizes congressional funding for future analytical programs at the U.S. Fire Administration. In addition, the bill seeks: The authorization of $750 million in funding for the AFG and SAFER grant programs from FY 2024 through FY 2028. A delay of the sunset date for both programs to September 30, 2030. The authorization of $95 million in federal funding for the USFA, specifically to aid in the development of the National Emergency Response Information System; to develop EMS programs at USFA; and to fund an effort to examine the cause of major fires and report on best practices to prevent them in the future. S. 870 also includes provisions to promote the development of nuclear energy in the United States. Importance of developing strategies Chief Styczynski spoke on the challenges facing the fire service when it comes to staffing Chief Styczynski spoke on the challenges facing the fire service when it comes to staffing and a shrinking volunteer force and the growing reliance on Federal funding for staffing needs.  Styczynski was quoted as stating, "I never expected to be where we're at right now that giving a test you'd have to get multiple tests a year to get five people on a list 20 years ago that wasn't hurdle many of us standing here I'm sure that we've been in test processes that we fought for one or two positions out of 700 people taking the test how you look at about 20 or 30 departments you're lucky you get 700 people between all 20 and 30 departments." These challenges continue to be a national problem and Styczynski stressed the importance of developing strategies to continue to try to combat this continuing need for staffing. Budgets of Fire Service Departments William Ryan of FEMA was quoted on recent applications towards a breakdown of funding from Illinois departments was "In Illinois, the applications from career departments was $40 million, from volunteer departments was $27 million, from combination departments was $35 million." These applications represent the bulk of FEMA-related support department requests and continue to be a vital resource for supplementing the budgets of fire service departments across Illinois. Jim Keiken appreciative of Fire Marshall’s office Support Jim Keiken was appreciative of the support of the Fire Marshall’s office and as the Director of the Illinois Fire Service, spoke highly of the opportunities provided to him in being a resource to so many prospective members of the fire service, but to also be recognized as a top training resource in the world.  Jim Keiken added, "I get the chance to interact with my peers from across the country and to an extent across the world and what I've seen is second to none in what we do and the way we do it."

The possible source of fire in the type of industry will determine the best fire protection for safety needs. Understanding the primary cause to protect oneself and others in an emergency is also necessary. This article discusses the significance of choosing the best fire protection for the type of industry. Office Environments Did users know that cooking equipment is the primary cause of fires in office buildings? Other major causes of fires in office properties may include: Office, electronic, and entertainment equipment Exposure Arson Smoking products Heating equipment And electrical/lighting items flammable materials As soon as the fire begins, it utilizes these combustible materials to become more prominent Additionally, flammable materials are a big reason flames spread everywhere in office properties. As soon as the fire begins, it utilizes these combustible materials to become more prominent. This is why adequate disposal of materials and appropriate storage is a critical aspect of the fire protection plan. Restaurants Commercial kitchens, such as restaurants, are most likely to have fire from ovens, ranges, deep fryers, barbecues, and grills. These cooking equipment mostly provoke the majority of all restaurant flames. Additionally, other central fire causes in the restaurant industry include: Arson Electrical and lighting equipment Heating equipment Smoking items Fortunately, Judd Fire Protection provides commercial fire protection services to defend against all flames in commercial kitchens.  Warehouses and Manufacturing Plants Unfortunately, fires in industrial environments are the costliest regarding property damage and loss of life. The most major prevalent fire risks in industrial settings may include: Combustible gases and liquids may provoke explosions if they directly touch a heat source. Flammable dust quickly catches on fire if there is a spark. The flames may also rapidly spread if sufficient dust has gathered on the factory floor. Plus, hot work can release molten material and sparks into the atmosphere. This is a prevalent cause for flammable liquid or combustible dust to obtain fire. Electrical wiring not correctly installed can provoke a spark and develop a source of flammable liquids and combustible dust. Lastly, heavy machinery and equipment can be dangerous if moving parts generate excessive friction and heat. Commercial and Residential Fire Prevention For those who want to ensure their home and business are safe throughout the year, trust Judd Fire Protection, LLC. It has over two decades of experience in designing, installing, inspecting, and repairing residential and commercial fire protection systems. The company serves clients throughout the Maryland, Pennsylvania, Washington, D.C., Virginia, and West Virginia regions in USA.

Working fire doors are a prerequisite for fire safety, but what differentiates them from regular doors Kirk Smith of Allegion UK outlines the technical features that form fire-rated doors as we know them. Research indicates there may be around 42 billion doors found throughout the world’s built environment. Every day, each of those doors plays a purposeful role toward the accessibility, safety and security of buildings and their occupants-but how many people truly recognize what they are using? Building’s fire protection system Doorsets are assembled in a variety of configurations and sizes, but more often than not, they are used without a second thought. Yet, there are stark differences between regular door and fire door classifications, and where fire safety is concerned, it’s critical for users and responsible persons alike to be able to differentiate between the two. Fire doors and their hardware components are often the first line of defense against fire Despite their similar appearance, regular doors serve as interior and exterior access points only and are usually thinner at 35 mm, while fire doors aim to protect buildings and their occupants in the event of a fire and are either 44 mm or 54 mm thick depending on its fire rating. As a key element in a building’s passive fire protection system, fire doors and their hardware components are often the first line of defense against fire, and as such, require detailed engineering and testing. Author's quote Kirk Smith of Allegion UK explains: “From components and construction to features and function, there are several clear distinctions between regular doors and fire doors. Whereas regular doors are often placed throughout a building on accessibility or esthetic merit, fire doors are strategically positioned to compartmentalize areas of the structure - such as hallways and stairwells - and are designed to help direct occupants through safe escape routes while also providing them with valuable time to make their way out of the building. “When opened, fire doors provide a means of escape. And when closed, they form a barrier to stop the spread of fire and smoke. To be able to do this, the main panel of the door (also known as the door leaf) is constructed from fire-resistant materials that help to prevent the door from warping or collapsing when exposed to high temperatures." Regular doors Conversely, regular doors without these materials are highly vulnerable. Nonetheless, for a fire door to become effective, it must comprise of more than just the leaf and will include:  The frame Intumescent fire - and if required for certification - smoke seals Glazing (although this is not necessary) Signage Door hardware, such as hinges, door closers, locks and latches Intumescent fire and smoke seals Fire doors must work in tandem with each of these components, so as to not compromise the integrity" “Fire doors must work in tandem with each of these components, so as to not compromise the integrity of the doorset. Intumescent fire and smoke seals, for example, frame the edges of the fire door and are chemically designed to expand into the frame when exposed to temperatures beyond 200°C." "In doing so, the seals close the gaps between the frame and the door itself, eliminating any possibility of fire - and if required, smoke - from passing through. Intumescent seals, along with clear ‘Fire Door Keep Shut’ signage - usually found toward the top edge of the door leaf - are some of the most unmistakable visual marks found on a fire door." Spring-loaded hydraulics “From an operational viewpoint, fire doors work differently than regular doors too. Fire door hardware is indispensable to fully operational door sets, where during a fire incident, an open door is rendered useless. To be able to form an effective barrier against fire, a door must close to completion from its open position, and as part of this process, it will call upon its hinges, locks, latches, and door-closing devices." "Door closers, whether concealed or surface-mounted, use spring-loaded hydraulics to effectively close and engage the door into its latch, where it is held firmly in place by the frame, whereas regular doors rely on manual control." Building’s escape routes For buildings with high footfall, an electromagnetic hold-open device may be present on a doorset “For buildings with high footfall, an electromagnetic hold-open device may be present on a doorset. These systems are permitted to keep certain fire doors open until a fire alarm is activated, aiding ease of movement until the first sign of a fire incident, in which the system will automatically release and close the doors to completion." "Equally, panic and emergency exit devices can be found on some fire doors that are positioned throughout a building’s escape routes. All exit devices are meant to be operated with minimum effort to help users successfully escape through the doorway, meaning reliability is key every step of the way.” Testing and standards To certify fire performance, the complete fire doorset is put through periods of standardized destructive testing in accredited laboratories and workshops. The standard fire performance test method complies to BS EN 1634-1, and in conjunction with product standard BS EN 16034, it provides the supply chain with manufacturing guidelines, and as a result, gives responsible persons and end users peace of mind that their doorset will function in a fire scenario. Fire doors are a legal requirement in all non-domestic properties and houses of multiple occupancy" Kirk Smith continues: “Fire doors are a legal requirement in all non-domestic properties and houses of multiple occupancy and with updated fire safety regulations now in effect, third-party testing and product traceability is as crucial as ever. Upon testing, certified fire doors are given a fire-resistance rating which details the length of time the door and its hardware components can withstand fire and smoke, with the most common FD ratings being FD30 and FD60, which declare the doorset can withstand fire for 30 or 60 minutes respectively, and FD30S and FD60S if the doors have been tested with smoke control. A regular door with no fire-resistance characteristics would not be able to withstand these tests and as such, would fail in a real-life event." UKCA and CE certifications Kirk Smith concluded: “What’s more, fire resistance tests are conducted on representative samples, and as such, components should not be substituted post-specification and installation. Fire door hardware for example, in addition to rigorous fire safety testing, must go through stages of performance testing to ensure they function properly and are able to sustain a level of durability that makes them fit for purpose. Mechanical door closers must be tested to the appropriate British Standard EN 1154, which classifies hardware over its category of use, number of test cycles, power size, fire behavior, safety and corrosion resistance. Equally, emergency exit devices and panic exit devices are tested to BS EN 179 and BS EN 1125 respectively and electromagnetic hold-open devices to BS EN 1155. A fire door’s hinges must also be tested to BS EN 1935." “For traceability purposes, end-users can review the UKCA and CE marks on a fire door and its hardware to find its fire rating, certificate numbers and the manufacturer’s details. Furthermore, for those looking to find  additional information on a doorsets’ components, the Code for Construction Product Information (CCPI) can be referred to for clear, accurate and up-to-date product information - helping people to review and select trusted hardware that conforms to UKCA and CE certifications.”

It’s been three years since the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) published the most recent edition of the wide-ranging standard that spans “the application, installation, location, performance, inspection, testing and maintenance of fire alarm systems, fire warning equipment, and emergency warning equipment and their components.” 2022 update A 2022 edition was officially published in September 2021, after thousands of hours of collaboration, review, and debate among a technical committee. The 2022 update is a significant one; there are hundreds of changes in the document, ranging from minor edits of terminology to major items like Cybersecurity. Whether you’re an architect, engineer, contractor, or building owner/manager, NFPA 72 matters. It will have an impact on how you design, test, install and maintain life safety systems in the future. So even if your jurisdiction will not immediately adopt the 2022 edition of NFPA 72, it’s important to know what’s in the pipeline. Understanding the new edition will enable you to plan for the future and gain insight into how technologies like remote access are changing life safety and building systems. Here are five things you need to know about the 2022 edition of NFPA 72: 1) Secondary power supply requirements for batteries have changed Fire alarm control units typically rely on their local power grid as a primary power supply Batteries play a significant role in ensuring fire alarm system reliability but are one of the most overlooked items. Fire alarm control units typically rely on their local power grid as a primary power supply, and when that grid is operational, all is fine. However, should that power failure due to weather interference or technical failure and brownout conditions occur, the secondary power supply comes into play? Capacity  NFPA 72 states that the secondary power supply (typically batteries) for the protected premises system shall have sufficient capacity to operate the system under quiescent load (system operating in a nonalarm condition) for a minimum of 24 hours. At the end of the 24-hour, the secondary power supply must be capable of operating all alarm notification appliances used for evacuation or to direct aid to the location of an emergency for five minutes. If the system incorporates in-building fire emergency voice/alarm communications, then the system needs to operate for 15 minutes. Charging system Batteries need to be able to take a charge from the charging system within the fire alarm control unit. Batteries have a life expectancy and also need to be load tested at least annually. But not all batteries are created equal. So much so that NFPA 72 has decided to raise the bar and impose a new requirement for the batteries used in fire alarm control units. Listing standards Examples of listing standards are UL 1989, Standby Batteries, and UL 2054, Household and Commercial Batteries NFPA 72 states that effective January 1, 2024, rechargeable batteries for the secondary power supply used in control units, devices, and accessories shall be listed or component-recognized by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. The action was taken because of the acknowledged new dangers posed by today’s battery technologies, primarily due to increased energy densities. Examples of listing standards are UL 1989, Standby Batteries, and UL 2054, Household and Commercial Batteries. 2) Fire alarm control units powered by the Internet of Things require new cybersecurity measures Should you be concerned about cybersecurity in a fire alarm control unit? It depends on how it was installed and connected. Many fire alarm systems do not require cybersecurity as they typically use their wiring and infrastructure and do not connect to “outside” equipment. For example, smoke detectors connected to the fire alarm control unit with wires only used for the fire alarm system, meaning there are no attack vectors that could be exploited. However, this is rapidly changing. Cybersecurity standards With fire alarm systems able to connect to the internet, allowing a user to see the status of their system on an app and even perform remote service diagnostics, these cloud-based integrations require new cybersecurity measures. Underwaters Laboratories, UL, has created a suite of cybersecurity standards. For example, The UL 2900 series of documents covering cybersecurity encompass healthcare, industrial and life safety signaling systems. Now manufacturers can produce fire alarm control units listed to these standards and “build-in” cybersecurity measures. Patches Bad actors are constantly on the prowl for vulnerabilities and patches need to be sent periodically But cybersecurity protection doesn’t stop once a piece of equipment leaves the factory. Bad actors are constantly on the prowl for vulnerabilities and patches need to be sent periodically to fix any such avenues for attack. Just like our computers, mobile devices, etc. all routinely receive updates to help to prevent unwanted attacks, fire alarm systems are no different. How these patches will get delivered and tested is different. Fire alarms Fire alarms need to function all of the time, they cannot go down unless service personnel or Firewatch people are on site. When patches are implemented, we need to ensure the system still functions properly, has come back online properly, and has not been compromised. Fire alarms, unlike our computers, cannot be rebooted over and over trying to fix them when a patch does not function properly. Nor do we have the luxury to replace a fire alarm CPU as quickly as a laptop. Guidelines for cybersecurity To address all of this, NFPA 72 has created a new chapter for 2022, Chapter 11 entitled “Cybersecurity.” The chapter is a placeholder for the technical committees to work on for the 2025 edition. But it does offer a glimpse into things to come and provides some guidance for today. Along with the chapter addition, there is a new Annex J entitled “Guidelines for Cybersecurity.” There is a wealth of information on how cybersecurity measures can be improved for fire alarm and signaling solutions within the new annex. 3) Remote access for fire alarm control units requires new capabilities We do not want to allow bad actors to possibly use the fire alarm system to access larger digital infrastructure Now that systems are being connected for users to see the status of their systems and remote diagnostics have become the norm, NFPA and UL have had to make changes to the allowance and proper usage of these features. UL 864 the Standard for Control Units and Accessories for Fire Alarm Systems has recently added testing protocols for remote access for fire alarm systems. NFPA 72 has also added guidance for how to properly implement remote access. Like cybersecurity, we do not want to allow bad actors to possibly use the fire alarm system to access larger digital infrastructure and do harm. Benefits The benefit of having properly listed equipment and processes for remote access is the door is now open even wider for remote testing, programming, and other applications. Some of the additions to NFPA 72 are that remote access shall not affect the operation or response of the fire alarm or signaling systems. Remote access can now allow for the first time the ability to test and perform maintenance activities, including the resetting, silencing, or operation of emergency control functions. Remote access There are additional requirements such as the system needing a means to manually terminate the remote access connection at the remote device and the fire alarm or signaling system control unit at any time. Further, remote access needs to automatically terminate within a maximum of one hour of inactivity in the remote access mode. Also, the resetting, silencing, or operation of emergency control functions shall be limited to a portion(s) of the system taken out of service and must be enabled by a qualified person onsite by password or limited access. 4) Fire alarm systems must meet new MNS standards The 2007 edition of the NFPA 72 added annex materials to guide allowing a fire alarm system to be used The role of communication in fire systems has been evolving for years, and NFPA 72 has been evolving with it. The 2007 edition of the NFPA 72 added annex materials to guide allowing a fire alarm system to be used or connected to a Mass Notification System (MNS). In the 2010 edition, this was taken a step further with the creation of Chapter 24, Emergency Communications Systems (ECS). UL 2572 Standard At that time there were no listing standards for MNS or ECS, but that was about to change. UL created a new Standard in 2016, UL 2572 Standard for Mass Notification Systems. This new Standard allows for equipment to become certified to be used for MNS or ECS applications. Since the Standard has been released many manufacturers have been able to obtain this certification for their respective systems. Starting with the 2022 edition of NFPA 72, control units installed as part of an MNS must be listed by applicable standards such as UL 2572, and Mass Notification Systems. 5) You are key to the process The NFPA has made the process of updating NFPA 72 rigorous, open and inclusive, and the organization values your opinion. Don’t sit on the sidelines. Your knowledge, input, and feedback will help ensure that life safety standards continue to improve in a way that makes sense for everyone. If you believe there are key changes that should be addressed or new technologies that should be added, go to the NFPA website to make your voice heard.

As a company officer, the day will come where you and your crew are first to arrive at what looks like the beginning of a major incident. Your Battalion Chief (BC) is delayed or diverted to other incidents, so YOU are the Incident Commander (IC). How you set the table for this incident with regard to quickly setting up the Incident Command System (ICS) is critical. And how you use your channels of communication, including the ways you communicate, will be crucial to your success. Before we jump into the ‘how-to’, let’s examine something that looms over everything we do during emergencies, especially fires - ‘The NIOSH 5’. I first became aware of the NIOSH 5, when listening to one of Anthony Kastros’ lectures on incident command and the need for an organization on the fire ground. ‘The NIOSH 5’ Firefighters and emergency workers typically get lost, hurt, or killed at incidents, when any one of five causal factors identified by The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) are present: Improper risk assessment Lack of incident command Lack of accountability Inadequate communications Lack of SOPs (or failure to follow established SOPs) Statistically, 50 percent of these line-of-duty deaths (LODDs) and injury events occur in the first 15 minutes of an incident. Half of those occur in the first three minutes! If you’re the initial IC, it’s statistically likely this could happen while you’re in charge. Need for training and practice in handling emergencies Keeping ‘The NIOSH 5’ at the forefront of your mind should trigger the need for training and practice in handling emergencies. Although there are factors you simply can’t control during an emergency, you can control communications, incident command, accountability, repetitive training, and standardization. The following are some things to keep in mind while managing an incident: Arrival on Scene In incident management, setup is everything and oftentimes, determines the outcome of the incident. To use a sports analogy, you definitely want your first pitch to be a strike. So how do you do that? Provide a Solid Size-up Clear and concise on-scene conditions reports set the tone for any incident and establish solid communications The first step is taking a deep breath and giving a good size-up. Clear and concise on-scene conditions reports set the tone for any incident and establish solid communications, and a command tone. Your tone and tempo in your size-up will help focus everyone and create a tactics-driven incident, rather than an emotions-driven one. But, if we’re being honest, being cool takes practice and repetition. Your agency should have a standardized way for how and when this size-up is delivered. In many cases, it’s a fill-in-the-blank script that includes the following four things: What you see (smoke and flames/or nothing showing) The area you see it affecting (the second story, the alpha/bravo corner) What’s happening/what’s on fire or causing the hazard (a two-story home or a sedan next to a building) Establishing command (a must-take command or pass, if you’re going to rescue a citizen) By practicing within your agency’s standards, it enables you to project a cool tone over the radio like you’ve ‘been there before. Order resources early and often Tunnel vision is a death sentence for any IC. In most cases, this is not the time to get sucked into task-level problems. The exceptions to this are structure fires and other emergencies where there is an immediate and known rescue. Otherwise, it’s time to step back, take in the big picture, and make decisions as an IC. Ask yourself: ‘What will this incident do in five minutes? 10? 20? One hour?’ If the answer is ‘get bigger’, then you need more resources. Order them early and often, because they can always be turned around. Don’t try to do too much with too little. Trusted Incident Command System equals early accountability As the initial IC, you’ll be sending crews into the hazard zone. It’s a red flag if, during the initial portion of the incident, you don’t have solid accountability. It’s during this initial ‘fog of war’ that we lose track of crews, and it’s when personnel gets hurt or killed. NFPA 1561, along with other best practices, requires that you know where everyone is and what they’re doing. If you don’t have that knowledge, stop and figure that out, or assign someone to figure it out and report back to you as soon as possible. Benefits of an all-in-one digital platform - Tablet Command Many agencies require the first-arriving officer to implement some form of an ICS to track crew Many agencies require the first-arriving officer to implement some form of an ICS to track crews – a notepad, whiteboard, tactical worksheet, or better yet, a digital command board. The huge advantage of an all-in-one digital platform like Tablet Command is that it’s CAD-integrated and will populate resources for you in real-time. There’s no writing and scribbling while listening to garbled radio traffic, and no trying to ‘catch up’ with resource orders that change on the fly. Accountability integrated into command processes With a platform, such as Tablet Command, all you’re doing is dragging and dropping resources into their assignments, which automatically time-stamps their activities. Maintaining accountability becomes seamlessly integrated into your command processes. These digital platforms also tend to be highly recognizable and easy for others to assume command. It’s paramount that you train extensively on whatever system your agency uses, and that everyone in your region or agency is squared away on how to maintain accountability in a standardized fashion. It’s a problem if you have several chiefs and company officers, and too many (or not enough) ways of maintaining accountability. Many agencies need the first-arriving officer to implement an ICS to track crews Segment and subdivide How do you eat an elephant? One bite at a time. Use your knowledge of your ICS to break up the incident into manageable bites. When the Fire Chief arrives, they’ll have simple questions: Where is everybody? What are they doing? How are they doing? How do I talk to them? Knowing where your people need to deploy and what channel they’re on are critical to accountability. Using the command board is a great way to have all of those questions answered. Using divisions, groups, or sectors can make your life easier in this regard, especially as an incident grows rapidly Using divisions, groups, or sectors can make your life easier in this regard, especially as an incident grows rapidly. This is true because it ensures you’re talking to the supervisors of each segment of the emergency, especially when assessing conditions, actions and needs. Setting up an incident this way should also be an expectation that is agency-wide and practiced in scenario-based training. The terminology should be standardized so that your agency and neighboring agencies aren’t interpreting what you’re trying to accomplish in the heat of battle. Summary A clear communications plan, solid scene size-up, and early establishment of the ICS by company officers are critical to incident success. Combine this with accurate and solid accountability systems, either through analog methods or with a modern digital solution in real-time, and you guarantee safer outcomes for your crews. The best way to be prepared is through long hours of dedicated practice in the command role and, more importantly, an agency-wide understanding of what’s in the play book: Standardization! A standard approach to managing incidents will help you remedy the chaos and enable you to hand over a well-organized incident to the first-arriving Chief.

Information systems drive greater situational awareness when emergency responders are rushing to the scene, including access to live-911 audio feeds, video of the unfolding emergency, and/or geographic information showing the locations of fire hydrants and the best travel route to ensure the most rapid response. Information tools to manage emergency response include the locations of teams, vehicles, and personnel available in three dimensions, including locations in a multi-story building. Panasonic’s technology “First responders are thinking about getting to the scene and planning their disaster response,” says Aidan Clifford, Panasonic’s National Sales Manager. Vital information on the scene of an emergency includes video feeds, coordination with other services in the city or county, and communication with various responding agencies.  Providing hardware to manage information during emergency response, Panasonic works to understand “the voice of the customer.” The company’s TOUGHBOOK ruggedized laptop computers serve the needs of fire and emergency response entities. A new Fire Advisory Council, currently being assembled, will help to guide Panasonic’s technology direction, and increase their understanding of the practical information needs of firefighters and other emergency responders. Panasonic survey Panasonic survey, 55% of respondents said access to real-time data is a top priority for their agency “The goal is to provide more information to end users more quickly,” says Marcus Claycomb, Panasonic’s Business Development Manager for the Public Sector. “Better information can save response time and enable first responders to adjust the type of response in real-time.” For example, streaming video can provide details of an unfolding emergency to firefighters as they are driving to the call. In a Panasonic survey, 55% of respondents said access to real-time information is a top priority for their agency. Useful information includes who is on the scene and where they are in real-time. Smart devices can track locations and vitals. Information goes in two directions. The ongoing deployment of 5G communications and devices will ensure information moves even faster and is more actionable. Live-911 capability Also in the Panasonic survey, 62% of respondents said computer-aided dispatch (CAD) and geographic information system (GIS) data are mission-critical. GIS data can include “layers” of information imposed on a map to show the fastest route to an incident and the locations of fire hydrants and/or accessible video cameras. Some 85% in the survey said the most important pieces of information are the location of teams, vehicles, hydrants, and/or personnel. Location and communication with drone assets are also a requirement. Live-911 capability can enable first responders to hear the dispatcher speaking with a caller in real-time. “A dispatcher can push the 911 call through the TOUGHBOOK laptop to responders on route to a call,” says Clifford. “It is an emerging technology that integrates with computer-aided dispatch (CAD) systems.” privacy of HIPAA data  Device encryption and multi-factor authentication to secure the information, even ensuring the privacy of HIPAA data during an emergency medical call. Panasonic understands that fire and emergency departments need real-time information  Broadly speaking, Panasonic understands that fire and emergency departments need real-time information provided by rugged devices that can withstand the daily rigors of firefighting. In the survey, 85% of respondents said rugged computer devices are important, as opposed to using consumer devices in the harsh environment of firefighters and EMS personnel. (Conducted in April 2023, the Panasonic Connect survey generated 117 responses from individuals in the fire rescue industry.) Total cost of ownership  While first responders understand the importance of using ruggedized devices, purchasing decisions are not always made by those on the front lines. Sometimes it is someone else at the city or county level who decides to buy consumer-grade hardware, especially tablets, in lieu of a ruggedized laptop. Multiple problems can result, such as “battery swelling” and fire hazards if a battery overheats because of the high internal temperatures in a vehicle. Consumer devices are not designed to operate in temperatures above 100°F.  Cost is the main reason to opt for less expensive consumer-grade equipment, but the lower cost is an illusion. The math is very different if one considers the total cost of ownership (TCO), including any downtime resulting from a battery charge not lasting the entire shift, for example. Panasonic's TOUGHBOOK laptops First responders should work to ensure their voices are heard as purchasing decisions are made Ruggedized equipment is more resistant to being dropped. Panasonic's TOUGHBOOK laptops meet the MIL-STD-810H specification and ingress protection (IP) standards, IP65 and IP66, which test for ruggedness and resistance to solids and liquids. Additional features include enhanced connectivity and embedded antenna, non-breakable components, and all-day batteries. First responders should work to ensure their voices are heard as purchasing decisions are made. They should have a conversation with command-level employees and throughout the fire service to ensure equipment purchasing reflects the real needs on the front lines, says Claycomb. What's Ahead? What’s ahead for information technology on the front lines of firefighting? “There is an incredible opportunity ahead to integrate the TOUGHBOOK with fire vehicles,” says Marcus. He adds, “And the potential of using 5G will be limited only by our own creativity. Looking ahead, we can expect more artificial intelligence (AI), augmented reality (AR), and an incredible amount of data.”

In Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, in May 2022, a helmet camera recorded firefighters extinguishing a truck fire along I-94, catching every detail as sparks flew and firefighters hosed down the truck to suppress the blaze. Firefighters also hosed down the grass on the side of the freeway to put out hot spots and prevent a grass fire, MLive.com reported. The helmet-cam was part of a voluntary program that involves Ann Arbor firefighters wearing cameras when responding to active structure fires to capture video that can be used as a training tool, in order to better understand what went right and what went wrong. Video can also be released to the public to showcase how tax dollars are being spent. A focus on structure fires precludes any concerns about privacy. Helmet-cams used by firefighters Helmet-cams used by firefighters can provide a valuable tool for training and post-incident analysis Helmet-cams used by firefighters can provide a valuable tool for training and post-incident analysis. On the other hand, they could impact how a firefighter does his or her job or even violate privacy concerns and/or the public trust. While debate around the use of body-cams by law enforcement officers has mostly been settled, opinions still vary about the use of helmet-cams by firefighters. In one sense, the rules and regulations have not caught up with the technology, including smaller (and inexpensive) video cameras that can easily (and even discreetly) be mounted on a firefighter’s helmet. Some departments have banned use of helmet-cams, while others have sought to restrict and control their use. Still others haven’t given it much thought. Multiple perspectives for post-incident analysis An advantage of helmet-cams is to record video of the actions of officers and firefighters at an incident and to provide multiple perspectives for post-incident analysis. Critiquing performance is a learning tool to encourage continuous improvement. In case of an injury or line-of-duty death (LODD), helmet-cam footage provides an unblinking record of exactly what occurred. If a time element is being assessed, a helmet-cam video can display each activity along with a time display, thus eliminating the need for a stopwatch. Clear and time-marked audio recording In addition to video, helmet-cams can provide a clear and time-marked audio recording, not limited by radio-frequency interference. (Audio recordings are subject to additional privacy concerns in some jurisdictions.) A possible downside of using helmet-cams is to distract a firefighter from his or her duties or to narrow their focus to the detriment of a broad awareness of their surroundings. It is important that a firefighter not miss something that is happening at the periphery of his or her line-of-sight. Helmet-Cams can distract a firefighter’s attention Conscious of how they appear in a video recording, a firefighter might be more guarded in their actions or words; at the other extreme, they might be tempted to “show off” for the camera by taking greater risks to provide more dramatic footage. A firefighter with a helmet-cam might also become preoccupied with operating the camera to optimize video to the detriment of other concerns. Becoming fixated on the technology can distract a firefighter’s attention from the real job at hand. Creating a policy that addresses issues are helmet-cams use Departments should consider carefully the issues surrounding helmet-cams and create a policy Departments should consider carefully the issues surrounding helmet-cams and create a policy that addresses those issues. Fire service leaders may benefit from collaborating with local police leaders who have worked with body-cam video and know the possible evidentiary value of video that can be captured on the devices. Fire departments should be aware that any captured footage may have evidentiary value, if it relates to a crime or police internal affairs investigation. Unlike body-cams used by police, which download video to the department at the end of a shift and are covered by department policy, helmet-cams are less restricted and less well-managed. Firefighters may even own their cameras. Privacy concerns surrounding the use of helmet-cams Some fire departments, such as Houston, San Antonio, and San Francisco, have banned helmet-cams because of privacy concerns and worries about how a video might embarrass a department. Privacy concerns include the use of helmet-cams in medical calls, which make up most a firefighter’s daily responses. There should be rules that ensure that videos do not eventually make their way to Internet sites such as YouTube. In New Jersey, for example, Cathy’s Law (passed in 2012) restricts images and recordings at emergency scenes, such as motor vehicle accidents.

Among the ways, garments protect firefighters is by reducing the heat stress and discomfort created by the need to carry heavy gear. Making the garments more comfortable to wear means less physical stress. Garments also help to protect firefighters from the toxic elements in the fire environment. The extent to which plastic materials can generate toxic smoke when they burn has previously been ignored but is now better understood. Concerted effort to understand end user As a manufacturer of fibers used in firefighting garments, DuPont makes a concerted effort to understand the end user of their products; that is, the firefighter. They seek to keep the firefighter safer and to extend the time available to do his or her job safely. DuPont works with fabric and garment manufacturers to focus on minimizing the impact of the toxic environment. Firefighter’s awareness Multiple initiatives seek to make firefighters more aware of potential dangers and best practices Awareness by firefighters of the negative impact of toxic materials has increased substantially. Multiple initiatives seek to make firefighters more aware of potential dangers and best practices to avoid exposure to contamination. Organizations promoting greater awareness include firefighters’ unions, the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC), and the National Fallen Firefighters Association. Toxic smoke For example, testing confirms that toxic smoke often affects firefighters in the neck and jaw area, where sweat promotes absorption of smoke particles. A woven hood or baklava avoids the absorption, reflected in the NFPA Standard 1971, which makes particulate protection hoods mandatory. The Nomex Nano Flex hood increases the comfort of the gear. Avoiding toxic materials also includes no inclusion of per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAs) in garment materials themselves. Standards and Specifications Testing is an area of focus for DuPont, which has the capabilities to test the layered structures firefighters are wearing. One tool is the Thermo-Man, a fully instrumented mannequin that tests the likely burn injuries of flash-over fires. DuPont works with the NFPA, ISO, EN, and other standards committees to develop testing and certified standards to ensure the performance of firefighter garments. Fire gear is specified in each region according to a standard (minimum) performance. In many cases, garments out-perform the requirements. Other variables Other variables of firefighting garments include the fitting and weight Other variables of firefighting garments include the fitting and weight. A less expensive approach might yield a garment that sacrifices comfort. Geographic and climate differences matter, too. A firefighter in the North would prefer a different garment than in the South. Garments should be comfortable, lighter, and warmer in cold environments. On the topic of gender, garment makers offer female designs that are cut and shaped differently. Garment makers evaluate the weight of the assembly, how well it protects against the heat, and the comfort. DuPont works with garment makers to test various materials and how they perform in fire garments. The company works with firefighter consultants in the U.S. and Europe who help them understand the language of firefighters. Addressing Dangers of Toxic Materials Cleaning fire gear of toxic materials is a challenge related to garments. Toxic materials on fire gear returned to the fire station can also expose the station environment to danger. Changing logistics and processes are driving how gear is handled in the fire station environments. Some stations are designating black zones, gray zones, and white zones, depending on the level of contamination of the gear in those areas. Washing and drying More frequent washing of bulky, heavy gear helps to circumvent the impact of toxic materials, but repeated washing and drying can cause mechanical stress and resulting damage to a garment. DuPont collaborates with weaving mills and garment makers to develop fabrics and garments that stand up well to frequent washing.Toxic smoke particles and mandatory use of hoods on firefighters is translating into more washing. As time goes on, the washing and decontamination process will likely become more professionalized with laundry companies stepping in to wash and handle the garments. Fire stations are not well suited to cleaning these garments. Nomex Nano fiber Nomex Nano Flex is a non-woven material that retains toxic and cancer-causing particles Developed to address the growing problem of heat stress, DuPont’s Nomex Nano fiber is engineered to be thinner than other advanced flame-resistant materials. Nomex Nano Flex was developed to help make products like firefighter hoods more protective against particles without compromising comfort. Nomex Nano Flex is a non-woven material that retains toxic and cancer-causing particles, and creates a particulate barrier. It also protects the firefighter from outside heat while cooling the firefighter by evacuating body heat. Higher evaporation rate Nomex Nano Flex has a higher evaporation rate. For the same thermal protection performance (TPP), it also has higher total heat loss (THL). Combining protection, thermal performance and toughness, Nomex Xtreme Performance is the highest performance category of solutions for flame-resistant personal protective apparel. Feedback from Firefighters “If we have a new innovation, or want to share our developments, we go proactively to fire departments to ask: Will this help you or not?” says Alfons N. Held, Global Market Leader, Emergency Response, DuPont Personal Protection. There is a difference between lab testing and what firefighters experience in the real world. Alfons N. Held adds, “We seek to understand what they need, and approach ‘lighthouse’ fire departments for guidance.” In any country or jurisdiction, there are fire departments – ‘lighthouse’ departments – that set the trends and work to evaluate the gear. If someone in Florida is using certain gear, it might also work in Texas or Arizona. The protection level Areas of continuing research in terms of firefighter garments include making them more wash-durable The question is: What protection level do we need? Given that level, departments seek to balance comfort with performance. Ironically, of the firefighters who die every year, some two-thirds of the deaths are attributable to overexertion, while less than 10% is linked to the fire/heat. Areas of continuing research in terms of firefighter garments include making them more wash-durable, more comfortable (with higher evaporation) and more lightweight. Complex systems Garments can be complex systems; heavy turnout gear is a five-layer garment with each layer contributing to performance – the outer shell, the inner liner, a moisture membrane, and one or two thermal liners. Sometimes attention is more focused on the outer layer of the gear with less awareness of the other layers and how the entire system works together. Importance of station wear In fact, protection of the firefighter starts at the skin, so station wear is important. “In our view, looking at all the layers on the skin and outwards is important,” says Alfons N. Held, adding “Firefighters wear various materials that are not always optimal.” For example, a cotton undergarment might get wet from sweat, stay wet and not evaporate. Environmental impact is another concern among garment-makers. Can the materials be reused or recycled? Some countries in Europe ask that manufacturers take back garments after they are used.     New Garments, New Needs A special need is development of new garments that can perform at the wildland urban interface (WUI), where catastrophic wildland fires encroach on residential areas. Design of gear for wildland firefighting has been lighter and does not include breathing systems. When fires reach residential areas, gear needs change. Wildland firefighters are not equipped to enter a structure fire and do not have adequate protection against carcinogens. New gear designs are needed that address both environments.

As a prestigious apartment development, Britannic Park has entrusted IPL Maintenance Services, an Amthal Group Company, with the critical task of ensuring compliance with their fire safety systems. Based in the heart of Moseley, Birmingham, the apartments are spread over three blocks, with facilities available to all the residents, including an indoor heated swimming pool, sauna, steam room, gym, and concierge service. IPL scope of work The IPL scope of work includes monthly visual inspections and bi-annual maintenance checks on fire alarms, emergency lights, fire extinguishers, and dry risers. This has to be coordinated with access to each apartment for maintenance checks, ensuring minimal disruption to residents. Anj Asghar, Estates Manager at Britannic Park, said "Compliance with fire safety legislation for both the Britannic Park estate site and our residents is critical. It’s something we have come to rely on IPL to deliver, with total peace of mind that we are in full compliance." fire safety maintenance Anj Asghar adds, "Each visit requires meticulous planning and collaboration, to accommodate the varying schedules and special requirements of our residents. IPL Engineers not only understand this but are always so accommodating, allowing essential fire safety maintenance to be carried out efficiently. We even receive comments on how friendly the team is, for which we are very grateful." inspection and maintenance check IPL works closely with the estate management team to develop a detailed schedule to outline the maintenance activities IPL works closely with the estate management team to develop a detailed schedule to outline the maintenance activities for each block and apartment. This is used to communicate to residents in advance, allowing them to prepare for the visits. As per fire safety legislation, each inspection and maintenance check is documented with attention to detail in a log that is kept and accessible to the authorized estates team to ensure compliance and safety. customer-centric approach Simon Parr, IPL Operations Manager, said, "The continued success here is evident in the long-term working partnership we have built up with Anj and the team to execute the maintenance activities across the apartment blocks. Every maintenance visit, is akin to a military operation, demanding precision, flexibility, and a deep understanding of the residents’ needs." He continues, "Our engineers are always briefed on specific requirements or preferences ensuring we approach each apartment with the necessary sensitivity and care. And often have to cater for last minute changes requested." Simon Parr adds, "All while also maintaining our duty to carry out and record all necessary checks on fire safety equipment. It comes together to highlight our customer-centric approach as a trusted provider of fire safety maintenance services."

Amthal has extended its service to become an internationally trusted provider of fire protection solutions, working closely with key clients in the Oil & Gas, Data Center, Petroleum, Energy, and Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) sectors.  The UK-based fire safety and security specialist has recently completed the first of three fire & suppression pump packages for an energy project in the Middle East. The program of works involved the installation and commissioning of fire protection solutions tailored to the specific needs of the client's modular units. Stringent safety requirements  Amthal installed main and reserved water mist systems connected to a detection system Amthal installed both main and reserve water mist systems connected to a detection activation and alarm system. Watermist technology was chosen for its effectiveness in suppressing fires while minimizing water usage and collateral damage. The internal environment of the enclosure was classified as hazardous, requiring specialized equipment to ensure safety. Amthal utilized ATEX-certified equipment, including lighting and control systems, to meet the stringent safety requirements. Local safety regulations Says Dave Pountney, IPL (Amthal Group Company) Business Development Manager: “The scope of works for the project was significant in being a highly hazardous environment, where it was critical to understand the dynamics involved. Designing fire protection solutions that could be seamlessly integrated into the client's modular units while meeting strict space and weight limitations." “We worked closely with the client to address these challenges and deliver tailored fire protection solutions. Our team conducted extensive risk assessments, research and testing to select the most suitable equipment and materials for the project. We also collaborated with regulatory authorities to ensure compliance with local safety regulations.” Reliability of the fire protection systems All control and status panels were manufactured using 316 stainless steel All control and status panels were manufactured using 316 stainless steel, known for its corrosion resistance and durability. This ensured the longevity and reliability of the fire protection systems, even in harsh environmental conditions. Deane Sales, Group Sales Director at Amthal Group Companies added: “The successful completion of the first fire water pumps package demonstrates Amthal's commitment to delivering high-quality fire protection solutions. The client was impressed with the performance and reliability of the installed systems, paving the way for future collaboration on the remaining phases of the project.” Fire protection solutions  Sales added: “Amthal's expertise in designing, supplying, installing, and commissioning fire protection solutions has positioned us as a trusted partner for global clients in the energy sector." "By leveraging innovative technologies and adhering to the highest safety standards for guaranteed compliance, we ensure the total protection of assets, personnel, and the environment in critical industrial environments.”

Located in East London's healthcare hub, Newham University Hospital currently boasts a top-tier network of Advanced MxPro 5 panels, ensuring fire safety and peace of mind for patients, staff, and visitors.  fire alarm network overhaul Newham University Hospital serves as a vital healthcare facility offering A&E, maternity, and specialist services. The building required a significant overhaul of its fire alarm network without interfering with the hospital’s round-the-clock operations.   The process involved replacing the existing network with Advanced MxPro 5 panels. upgrade with panel installation The upgrade also needed to take into account future enhancements planned over the next three years Comprehensive rewiring was undertaken by the installation team at M&G Fire Protection, and additional panels were installed to meet the stringent requirements of the fire officers. This upgrade also needed to take into account future enhancements planned over the next three years, so required meticulous planning and execution.  A total of 97 nodes were installed, covering more than 10,000 devices including 11 eight-loop panels, 10 four-loop panels, 8 two-loop panels, 44 one-loop panels, and 13 fault-tolerant remote display terminals.  multi-protocol switch-over capabilities The fire system needed to be integrated with a wide range of building management systems, requiring complex cause-and-effect planning and programming to comply with HTM0503 standards governing fire safety in the design of healthcare premises. M&G Fire Protection leveraged Advanced's cutting-edge solutions, citing its versatile multi-protocol switch-over capabilities and intuitive cause-and-effect configuration. With a proven track record in deploying Advanced systems, M&G's choice was clear for this intricate upgrade.  phased approach M&G minimized downtime and maintained system functionality throughout the upgrade Despite numerous hurdles, by adopting a phased approach and working in collaboration with hospital staff, M&G minimized downtime and maintained system functionality throughout the upgrade. Due to the success of this project, M&G was recognized with the 'Installation Company of the Year' award at this year's FSM Awards.  cause-and-effect configuration Steve Middleton, Director, of M&G Fire Protection, stated, “We opted for Advanced panels due to their flexible cause-and-effect configuration, which makes setup, testing, and maintenance a breeze." He adds, "The intuitive display makes the panels very easy to use, and the integration with external services via the BMS card is straightforward and highly beneficial. Additionally, the network setup options and speed are impressive, reinforcing our confidence in Advanced's solutions.”  flexible and versatile solutions  Salvy Vittozzi, Advanced’s Regional Sales Manager for the South East, said "Advanced's fire safety solutions were ideal for Newham University Hospital due to their robust capabilities and ease of integration." He adds, "The flexibility and reliability of our systems ensured that, even with the complex requirements and round-the-clock operations of a major healthcare facility, we could deliver a seamless and effective fire safety solution." excellence and collaboration Salvy Vittozzi continues, "This project highlights our commitment to providing advanced technology that meets the highest standards and adapts to the evolving needs of critical environments like hospitals.”  Completed on schedule and with ample room for future expansion, the project underscores both Advanced's commitment to delivering cutting-edge fire safety solutions and M&G's dedication to excellence and collaboration.  MxPro 5 MxPro 5 can be used in single-loop, single-panel format, or easily configured into high-speed networks MxPro 5 is the fire industry’s pioneering multiprotocol fire panel and is certified by FM Approvals to EN 54 Parts 2 and 4. It offers customers a choice of four detector protocols and a completely open installer network, backed up by free training and support. MxPro 5 can be used in single-loop, single-panel format, or easily configured into high-speed networks of up to 200 panels covering huge areas. Ease of installation and configuration, as well as its wide range of peripheral options, make MxPro 5 customizable to almost any application.  false alarm management capabilities The MxPro 5’s stand-out false alarm management capabilities are available as standard. AlarmCalm delivers unprecedented control of verification and investigation delays. By dividing sites up into virtual false alarm ‘building areas’ independent of fire zones, much more precise control of false alarm management and reduction strategies can be achieved that exactly fit the needs of each part of a building. An optional AlarmCalm button allows trained occupants to verify if they believe a local fire signal is a false alarm too – a highly effective way of eliminating unwanted alarms.  BMS/graphics interface Multiple interfaces can be connected to the network catering to sites requiring control from several graphical PCs The MxPro 5 BMS/graphics interface allows BMS systems and graphical control PCs to be easily integrated with the MxPro 5 series of fire control panels and remote terminals using a simple RS232 connection. Multiple interfaces can be connected to the network catering to sites requiring control from several graphical PCs. As a world pioneer in the development and manufacture of intelligent fire systems, Advanced products are specified in locations around the world, from single-panel installations to large, multi-site networks. Advanced portfolio The Advanced portfolio includes complete fire detection systems, multiprotocol fire panels, extinguishing control, false alarm management, and reduction systems, as well as emergency lighting. Advanced is owned by FTSE 100 company Halma PLC – a global group of life-saving technology companies with a clear purpose to grow a safer, cleaner, healthier future for everyone, every day.

Fire protection solutions manufacturer, Advanced, has provided an intelligent fire panel with wireless detection to protect a historic mansion house and estate in Scotland. An Advanced MxPro 5 analog addressable fire panel has been installed in Wedderlie House to provide industry-pioneering protection that is high-performance and fault-tolerant. The system protects the whole house, which requires Category L2 coverage as it provides wedding accommodation. EMS Firecell wireless devices Wedderlie House, in the parish of Westruther, consists of a fortified tower thought to date from the late 16th century, to which a larger house was added in 1680. A late 17th-century three-storey addition features rough-cast walls, and the Renaissance House was added to the old keep expanding the building further. Advanced MxPro 5 four-loop analog addressable fire panel with 86 devices on the loop Fire and security service providers, Safe Services, installed an Advanced MxPro 5 four-loop analog addressable fire panel with 86 devices on the loop. Due to the age and construction of the building, it would have been impossible to install cabling without damaging the property, so the Advanced panel was seamlessly integrated with EMS Firecell wireless devices. EMS Firecell detection Graeme Millar, Fire Technical Sales Engineer at Safe Services, said: “We were responsible for the installation, commissioning, verification and handover of the system, and will also be conducting ongoing maintenance. The age and construction of Wedderlie House could have been a real challenge but being able to integrate the Advanced panel with wireless EMS Firecell detection made it far more straightforward." "We have several sites with the same combination, and we know the Advanced MxPro 5 works well with EMS equipment. The Advanced MxPro 5 is our panel of choice as it’s a trusted and reliable panel with our design and installation teams.” Delivering robust protection Neil Parkin, Sales Manager at Advanced, said: “Our open-protocol MxPro 5 panels allow installers to select the most suitable device range to suit the needs of each site. They are designed to make life as easy as possible, delivering robust protection that offers real peace of mind, all backed up by our highly rated technical support." "Opting for wireless equipment is ideal for historic sites like Wedderlie House, where cabling can be trickier to install and visually unappealing. Add to that the time and cost benefits they provide to installers, and it is a great choice in multiple scenarios both large and small.” FM Approvals to the EN 54 standard MxPro 5 can be used in single-loop, single-panel format, or easily configured into high-speed networks MxPro 5 is the fire industry’s pioneering multiprotocol fire panel and is certified by FM Approvals to the EN 54 standard. It offers customers a choice of pioneering detector protocols and a completely open installer network, backed up by free training and support.  MxPro 5 can be used in single-loop, single-panel format, or easily configured into high-speed networks of up to 200 panels covering huge areas. Ease of installation and configuration, as well as its wide range of peripheral options, make MxPro 5 customizable to almost any application. MxPro 5’s versatile wireless capabilities As well as compatibility with pioneering wired detector brands, MxPro 5’s versatile wireless capabilities make it easy to install robust fire alarm systems while saving crucial time, cost and disruption. Harnessing the power of proven technology, MxPro 5’s wireless solutions are scalable, adaptable and reliable – for complete fire safety peace of mind. MxPro 5’s versatile wireless capabilities make it easy to install robust fire alarm systems Wireless solutions not only mean lower visual and physical impact, but they are also faster and cheaper to install, making them an increasingly popular alternative for sites where downtime is not an option, or re-wiring would prove disruptive. Thanks to two-way communication with the panel, battery replacement and fault reporting can also be worked into the on-going maintenance schedule via the panel service tools. Unprecedented control of verification The MxPro 5’s stand-out false alarm management capabilities are available as standard. AlarmCalm delivers unprecedented control of verification and investigation delays. The MxPro 5’s stand-out false alarm regime abilities are open as standard By dividing sites up into virtual false alarm ‘building areas’ independent of fire zones, much more precise control of false alarm management and reduction strategies can be achieved that exactly fit the needs of each part of a building. An optional AlarmCalm button allows trained occupants to verify if they believe a local fire signal is a false alarm too – a highly effective way of eliminating unwanted alarms. Advanced product portfolio As a world pioneer in the development and manufacture of intelligent fire systems, Advanced is committed to creating a safer future. A reputation for performance, quality and ease of use see Advanced products specified in locations around the world, from single-panel installations to large, multi-site networks. The Advanced product portfolio includes complete fire detection systems, multiprotocol fire panels, extinguishing control, false alarm management and reduction solutions as well as emergency lighting. Advanced is owned by FTSE 100 company Halma PLC – a global group of life-saving technology companies with a clear purpose to grow a safer, cleaner, healthier future for everyone, every day.

Cygnus’ world-first 100% wireless and EN 54 certified SmartNet-Pro fire detection and alarm solution has been installed at the Contractor’s Village at Heysham Power Station 1 in Lancashire, providing reliable life-saving fire protection equipment in a challenging industrial location. Manchester-based installer - Marlowe Fire & Security worked together with its client, Equans, a provider of technical services, FM, regeneration and energy services, on the project. Marlowe Fire & Security selected Cygnus’ SmartNet-Pro solution having successfully worked with the Cygnus team on several projects previously. Challenging Setting Contractor’s Village consists of twenty cabins, each equipped with a Detector and Manual Call Point The Contractor’s Village consists of twenty cabins, each equipped with a Detector and Manual Call Point, connected to a SmartNet-Pro Control Panel in one of the nearest cabins to the main site, alongside an interface for the signal to the main site. Simon Hilton, Systems Account Manager, Marlowe Fire & Security, said "We chose SmartNet-Pro thanks to its proven reliability, robustness, and impressive installation speed. This project presented quite a challenge due to the amount of metal in the cabin construction, which would cause issues if installing a wired system, and means we needed a product with robust signal strength." He adds, "Thanks to SmartNet’s 100% wireless capabilities, it ensured minimal disruption to the site and was quickly deployable. We’ve used Cygnus products before in similar settings and we’ve always been impressed with the outcome and this project was no exception." SmartNet fire detection and alarm system Heysham Power Station 1 experiences intermittent outages for maintenance purposes. SmartNet runs on wireless radio devices as part of a robust, self-forming and self-healing mesh network technology, in which the infrastructure nodes connect dynamically to provide highly efficient and robust network performance. This ensures that the SmartNet fire detection and alarm system can keep operating through these outages for the continuous on-site safety of workers. Being 100% wireless, SmartNet not only reduces cabling complexities that would arise trying to install through metal, but also provides a scalable solution for future needs. Successful Results Simon Hilton commended the fast responsiveness of the Cygnus team, stating, "The support from the Cygnus team was exceptional. They were always on hand to assist us, ensuring a smooth and successful installation." Simon also highlighted the value of the Cygnus Academy one-day training session and becoming a Cygnus Certified Installer, commenting "The team found this hugely beneficial as it combined both theoretical and hands-on practical training to enable them to complete a successful installation."  The Cygnus Academy The Cygnus Academy presents a high-specification, in-person training program, that can be carried out in two bespoke locations. Installers gain understanding and attain certification for installing SmartNet. Geoff Copsey, EDF Energy, expressed satisfaction with the installation, stating, "The implementation of Cygnus’ SmartNet-Pro system at Heysham Power Station 1 has provided us with a reliable and robust fire detection solution. We are impressed with the system’s performance and appreciate the peace of mind it brings to our operations."

Liverpool's Unity Theatre, a champion of new writing, social justice, and community engagement, boasts a rich history intertwined with the building it calls home. Founded in 1983 by unemployed actors and writers, the company initially resided in a converted warehouse. By 2003, they found their permanent home on Hope Street – a former synagogue built in 1957. This unique space, once a place of worship seating 450 serves as a vibrant theatre and a living testament to a bygone era of radical theatre. Unity Theatre The name "Unity" itself reflects a legacy. It's a connection to a national movement that significantly impacted British theatre and politics. The story begins in the 1930s with the birth of Merseyside Left Theatre, which later became Merseyside Unity Theatre in 1944. Renowned for their experimental and politically charged productions, this company's final act was securing the Hope Place building and transforming the former synagogue into the thriving Unity Theatre visitors know. Unity Theatre thrives as a registered charity, producing a mix of professional and amateur productions while fostering community engagement through workshops and mentoring schemes. Challenge: emergency lighting system It also relies on specialist companies to help with some of the more complex upkeep of the building, such as fire safety An organization such as this relies heavily on the generosity of private benefactors and support from arts funding to keep the lights on and the doors open. It also relies on specialist companies to help with some of the more complex upkeep of the building, such as fire safety. Realizing that their emergency lighting system was rapidly aging, Technical Manager - Xenia Bayer knew this would be a massive project to undertake, and financially impossible with ever-tightening theatre budgets. FIREscape Nepto system This was when hope flickered back on. Xenia Bayer said, "While exploring options and regulations with the ABTT (Association of British Theatre Technicians), I stumbled upon a brochure by Hochiki detailing their newly launched FIREscape Nepto system." She adds, "It felt like a dream come true for our theatre. The features were perfect for this environment." Some of the key features of FIREscape Nepto which appealed to this theatrical mind were: Intelligent and Self-Sufficient: No more tedious lamp replacements or manual system checks. The system runs self-tests, stores reports, and alerts the owners to any maintenance needs. Energy Efficient: The low voltage system promised significant energy savings, a win for both budget and the environment. Adjustable Light Levels: This can be a game-changer for performance spaces. There is regulatory compliance for light levels, but also the ability to achieve complete "blackout" for scene changes and actor entrances/exits. FIREscape Nepto can offer both. a complete replacement system Xenia Bayer continues, "It seemed too good to be true. Reaching out to Hochiki, I hesitantly inquired about sponsorship possibilities, offering site visits for interested parties. Thankfully, after email exchanges and a site visit, Hochiki offered an incredible solution: a complete replacement system." The team at Hochiki worked closely with the installation company - Grainger Fire and Security, experts with over 40 years of experience in the industry. new to-the-market emergency lighting system Hochiki initially reached out to the company’s Managing Director (MD), David Wardman Hochiki initially reached out to the company’s Managing Director (MD), David Wardman, to ask if they would like to get involved in this local charitable project and they jumped at the chance. David Wardman said, "We’ve worked with Hochiki products for several years, always successfully, so the opportunity to work install this new to-the-market emergency lighting system as well as help keep this local hub of the community open was something we were keen to get involved in." easy to install Heading on the project - Will Taylor comments on the ease of installation, stating "Hochiki products are famously easy to install, and FIREscape Nepto was no different. The theatre is quite a large space and so we initially scoped 5 to 6 days for the installation plus commission." He adds, "In the end, it only took 4 days, plus a day for commissioning. We were also able to retrofit using a lot of the old cabling to save on waste, and the new system enabled us to fault find any issues with that old cable so we could replace it if needed." energy savings  Xenia Bayer continues, "The communication with both the Grainger team and Hochiki throughout has been brilliant, we were able to work around shows all the while ensuring everyone’s safety." She stated, "The new system is so much more aesthetically pleasing and saves so much space compared to the previous bulky system. The best outcome is that over the year, based on the old system running costs, we predict we’ll be able to save almost 40 times the energy which equates to just less than £900 in savings a year."  cost savings Xenia Bayer adds, "In our world that is an incredible amount of money which we will be able to plough back into the theatre and the many projects we run for our local and wider theatrical communities." Overjoyed and incredibly grateful, the Unity Theatre looks forward to welcoming artists, communities, and audiences under the safe and efficient glow of the FIREscape Nepto system. Transform day-to-day operations  Xenia Bayer concludes, "This new system won't just replace our old one – it will transform our day-to-day operations and ensure we can continue to shine a light on the arts for years to come, thanks to Hochiki – the show can go on."

Technology has played a role in firefighting since the beginning; in fact, portable water pumps were found among the ruins of ancient Egypt. As bucket brigades gave way to electric pumps and internal combustion motors displaced horse-drawn fire engines, firefighting has benefited in terms of greater efficiency and lives saved at each point along the way. Technologies boosting the efforts of firefighters include drones, robots and other high-tech innovations. We asked our Expert Panel Roundtable: Which technologies will we see in ‘the future of firefighting'?

Thermal imaging is an advantageous tool for firefighters on the frontline. As thermal cameras have become more compact and affordable, their availability has expanded, along with their usefulness. We asked our Expert Panel Roundtable: How does thermal imaging serve the needs of firefighters and how is it changing?  

New tools and technologies are emerging that augment the efforts of the fire market to prevent and fight fires. Modern firefighting is benefiting from an ongoing sea change in technological capabilities, spanning equipment, electronic components, greater connectivity and firefighter monitoring, to name just a few. We asked our Expert Panel Roundtable: What technologies will have the greatest impact on the fire industry in 2021?