A new digital system which can detect and monitor large scale fires will revolutionise how firefighters approach forest fires. It is set to drastically reduce environmental and property damage and protect human lives.
Advanced Forest Fire Fighting project
The University of Westminster is a partner in the Advanced Forest Fire Fighting (AF3) project involving 20 institutions from ten countries. The project aims to improve the efficiency of current fire-fighting operations and the protection of human lives, the environment and property by developing innovative ground and aerial technologies to ensure the integration between new and existing systems.
Drone technology and ground sensors
The University of Westminster has developed so called Low-Power Wireless Ground Sensor Nodes (LPWGSN) and accompanying drone technology which together can detect wild forest fires in their early stages and can monitor them in real time, enabling large scale fire-fighting services to target these fires with unprecedented precision, day and night. The innovative technology is the pinnacle of the European Commission funded multi-million-euro AF3 activity.
The complete system, developed during the AF3 project, allows firefighters to drop pellets – filled with water or fire-retardant mixtures contained in biodegradable plastic pouches – from the air quickly and with precision targeting the areas to most effectively extinguish the fire. This can ultimately protect human lives, the environment and property, taking fires under control and putting them out before they spread.
Real-life testing
The new sensor nodes and accompanying drone applications developed at Westminster’s Applied DSP and VLSI Research Group (ADVRG) are at the heart of this new firefighting approach and have been tested in real-life fires in Greece, Spain, and Israel. These tests have proved their worth in being cost-effective and ground-breaking in making the different parts of the system function effectively, helping fire fighters get to the heart of the problem and address the fires quickly and more efficiently.
| The sensor nodes will help firefighters get to the heart of the problem and address fires quickly and efficiently |
The sensor nodes can provide the fire services with invaluable information about environmental factors contributing to the fire, including location, temperature, humidity, pressure, wind speed and direction, carbon-dioxide, carbon-monoxide and oxygen levels.
Use in agriculture and climate control
Apart from forest fires, the innovative nodes and network can also be used in optimal agriculture, indoor climate control such as heating ventilation and air conditioning, and urban air quality monitoring.
Professor Izzet Kale, who is the Director of the (ADVRG) at the University of Westminster and who led the project, said: “This is a step change in the way wild fires and other forms of urban fires will be detected and stopped in their tracks before they spread and cause irreversible damage to the environment, wildlife as well as loss of human life. The days of having a need for visibility, and highly skilled pilots to undertake dangerous, sometimes inaccurate and ineffective water drops on wildfires will be over.
The intelligent sensors and sensor network we have developed focuses on power autonomy and is designed around a ‘deploy and forget’ paradigm, enabling automated large scale strategic distribution in forests having high risks for fires.
“In addition to early fire detection, and monitoring the sensors and their networks will be an invaluable asset and tool for long term environment monitoring of a wide range of parameters for research purposes.”